Editor’s Note
- Gold Price Forecast for November 2–6, 2026: Beware of Downward Pressure
- Mercury in Retrograde Impacts the Gold Market in November 2026
- Daily Gold Price Forecast for November 2–6, 2026
- How Accurate Are Predictions Based on Astrology and Numerology?
- Gold Trading Strategy: Focus on Support, Resistance, and Risk Management
- Gold Prices in November 2026 Call for Caution
Gold Price Forecast for November 2–6, 2026: Beware of Downward Pressure
The global gold price (XAUUSD) is expected to face downward pressure and high volatility during the trading week of November 2–6, 2026.
Gold traders should remain vigilant, particularly regarding the potential for sudden price reversals, the testing of support and resistance levels, and an anticipated increase in selling pressure toward the end of the week.
LATEST NEWS: Murni Teguh University Sends 5 Students to AAU, Expanding Cross-Border Learning
The gold market outlook for this week suggests that price movements will likely remain flat or show a slight weakening. There are no dominant bullish signals throughout the five trading days. Conversely, bearish pressure is expected to peak on Friday, November 6, 2026.
This analysis employs an astrological and numerological approach to map daily trading momentum. However, this method should not be used as a scientific indicator or as the sole basis for making investment decisions. For investors and traders active in the gold market, understanding potential volatility and implementing risk management is far more important than simply attempting to predict the direction of prices.
Mercury retrograde highlights the gold market for November 2026
One of the key themes in gold market forecasts for the period of November 2 through November 6, 2026, is the phenomenon of Mercury retrograde.
In an astrological approach to the market, Mercury is associated with communication, information, movement, and reactions to news and economic data.
This phenomenon is interpreted as a sign that the market is susceptible to shifting sentiment. Gold prices may fluctuate, reverse course rapidly, or even exhibit unpredictable movements.
This serves as a reminder to traders not to become overly fixated on a single directional bias—whether bullish or bearish.
A particular point of interest is the conjunction of Mercury with the Sun, which is expected to occur on:
- Day: Wednesday, November 4, 2026.
- Time: 21:24 WIB (Western Indonesian Time).
- Time: 14:24 UTC.
LATEST NEWS: Wage Subsidy (BSU) 2026: IDR 900,000! Check the full eligibility criteria and salary limits for recipients
In the astrological interpretation of this projection, this configuration is viewed as a catalyst for heightened market volatility.
Traders should be prepared for the possibility of sudden tests of support and resistance levels. Price movements that initially appear to break through certain levels may also reverse direction.
Therefore, it remains essential to seek confirmation of price movements before opening any trading position.
Daily Gold Price Forecast, November 2–6, 2026
Overall, the weekly momentum projection points toward a downward and sideways trend. Below is an overview of gold price movements based on daily analysis.
Monday, November 2, 2026: Downward pressure begins to emerge
The week is expected to start with a slight downward trend on Monday.
LATEST NEWS: Ministry of Labour Regulation 15/2026 Issued: Labour Inspectors Granted Clearer Authority
The daily momentum score is -1.6, which, in numerology, is associated with the vibration of the number 5—representing change.
This is characterized by unstable movement and the potential for sudden shifts in direction.
Gold prices are expected to come under gradual downward pressure. However, there remains a possibility of a minor uptick during the course of trading.
Traders should exercise caution regarding price increases that lack confirmation from the broader trend. In a downward scenario, a temporary rise could create an opportunity for further selling pressure.
Strategy: Avoid hasty positions. Wait for confirmation of the market direction and observe the price reaction as it approaches resistance levels.
LATEST NEWS: Skills first, diplomas second: The Ministry of Manpower’s clear message to vocational students
Tuesday, November 3, 2026: Gold prices expected to move sideways
The gold market is anticipated to trade within a limited range—or move sideways—on Tuesday.
This indicates a market that currently lacks the strength to establish a clear new trend direction.
Prices are likely to fluctuate between support and resistance levels, requiring traders to be more selective when determining entry points. A strategy that involves chasing the price after it has already moved significantly can actually lead to less profitable positions.
Strategy: Pay attention to the upper and lower boundaries of the trading range. Avoid opening positions in the middle of the range without clear confirmation.
Wednesday, November 4, 2026: Beware of Volatility and Tests of Support Levels
Wednesday is a pivotal day for this week’s gold price outlook.
Beyond the influence of the number 7 in numerology, this day coincides with a conjunction of Mercury and the Sun.
This alignment is interpreted as a period marked by more aggressive market testing.
The price of gold may test support and resistance levels with rather sharp movements before establishing its next direction.
Traders should remain alert to the possibility of “false breakouts”—situations where the price appears to break through support or resistance levels, only to reverse course.
Strategy: Observe how the price reacts when it reaches areas of support or resistance. Do not chase breakouts immediately; wait for further confirmation.
Thursday, November 5, 2026: Consolidation Continues
Gold prices are expected to move sideways on Thursday.
Conditions will be relatively similar to those seen on Tuesday, with prices trading within a specific range rather than exhibiting a strong, dominant trend.
Consolidation phases like this often tempt traders to follow price movements that lack a clear, sustained direction.
In a sideways market, however, the risk of being caught out by false signals is even greater.
Strategy: Focus on support and resistance levels. Prioritize trades that offer a measurable risk-to-reward ratio.
Friday, November 6, 2026: The Most Bearish and Risky Day for Gold Traders
Friday is expected to be the weakest day of the week for gold trading. The daily momentum score stands at -3.8, the lowest in the weekly forecast.
In numerological terms, this situation is associated with the vibration of the number 9, which symbolizes the completion of a cycle, letting go, and downward pressure.
This sentiment suggests the possibility that selling activity may gain the upper hand.
Any price increase on Friday is likely to encounter renewed selling pressure. Therefore, traders should exercise caution when opening long positions.
However, this bearish projection does not necessarily mean that the price of gold will fall. Shifts in global sentiment or the release of economic data could lead to different outcomes.
Strategy: Prioritize capital preservation. Avoid opening long positions without confirmation of a trend reversal, and consider reducing your position size when volatility increases.
How accurate are predictions based on astrology and numerology?
An important factor to consider is the result of historical testing—or backtesting—of the planetary indicators used.
Based on this analysis, the correlation between the indicator and historical price data ranges from 41.2% to 45.6%.
This figure indicates low accuracy and is, statistically speaking, close to random guessing.
This means that astrological and numerological projections lack sufficient evidence of accuracy to be used as independent tools for forecasting the price of gold.
It is important for traders to be aware of this so they do not form unrealistic expectations, and instead prioritize technical analysis, fundamental analysis, and risk management.
Gold Trading Strategy: Focus on Support, Resistance, and Risk Management
Given the potential volatility in the gold market in early November 2026, discipline in executing a trading strategy is crucial.
There are several approaches to consider.
First, do not chase the price during sideways movements.
When the price is moving within a limited range, traders should avoid entering positions hastily. Pay attention to support and resistance levels for more measured entry points. Second, remain alert to false breakouts.
A breakout from support or resistance does not always signal the start of a new trend. Wait for confirmation through price action before making a decision.
Third, adjust your position size based on volatility. In this projection, the typical daily price range for gold is estimated at approximately US$ 76–US$ 85 per ounce.
This figure should be used as an indicator of volatility, not as a guarantee that the price will remain within that range.
Traders should tailor their position sizes and stop-loss limits to current market conditions and their own individual capital capacity.
Fourth, prioritize capital preservation on Friday. Since Friday is expected to be the day with the strongest downward pressure, traders should avoid excessive exposure.
If you are trading, set clear risk limits and do not hold positions in the hope that the price will recover as predicted.
Fifth, avoid the risk of price gaps over the weekend. It is crucial to reduce or close out positions before the market heads into the weekend.
LATEST NEWS: Labor Protection Reform in Indonesia: Wages, Domestic Workers, and the Fisheries Sector Now Legally Protected
In this strategy, the recommended time to close positions is before 22:00 UTC on Friday (or 05:00 WIB on Saturday).
The goal is to avoid the risk of a price gap when the market reopens after the weekend.
Conclusion: Gold prices in November 2026 require caution.
The gold price forecast for November 2–6, 2026, points to a downward-trending market with high volatility, particularly as the weekend approaches.
Selling pressure is expected to begin on Monday; consolidation is likely to dominate from Tuesday through Thursday, while Friday is anticipated to be the day of the strongest downward pressure.
The phenomenon of Mercury retrograde and the conjunction of Mercury with the Sun are part of the astrological approach used to map this momentum.
However, it is important to remember that, in reality, global gold price movements are influenced by various fundamental factors, such as the Federal Reserve’s interest rate policy, the strength of the U.S. dollar, U.S. Treasury yields, inflation, central bank demand for gold, and global geopolitical developments. Therefore, traders should not rely solely on astrology and numerology as a basis for their trading decisions.
Ultimately, successful gold trading is determined not only by the ability to predict price direction, but also by the ability to manage risk and protect capital.
Sometimes, the best trading decision is not to open a new position, but to know when to stop—securing your profits and remaining capital.
Investment Disclaimer
This article is based on astrological and numerological projections for the period of November 2 through November 6, 2026; it is speculative, informational, and intended for entertainment purposes. Astrology and numerology are not scientific methods with a proven track record for predicting gold price movements or fluctuations in financial markets.
LATEST NEWS: Oversight of the New Labor Law: Synergy Between Government, Employees, and Employers Is Essential
This information does not constitute investment advice, an invitation to buy or sell gold, or an XAUUSD trading signal.
Trading gold—particularly through derivatives such as CFDs and forex—carries a high level of risk, including the potential loss of some or all of your capital. Prices may move differently than predicted due to shifts in monetary policy, economic data, geopolitical conditions, and other market factors.
All investment and trading decisions are the sole responsibility of the individual investor. Conduct independent research, implement risk management, and do not use essential capital for speculative activities. ***tok
Tags: Gold price prediction November 2026, Gold price prediction November 2–6, 2026, XAUUSD analysis for this week, Gold trading November 2026, Global gold price analysis, Gold trading strategy, Daily XAUUSD forecast, Declining gold price, Gold support and resistance, Technical gold analysis, Gold price volatility, Risk management in gold trading, Gold price prediction for Friday, November 6, 2026
Hashtags: #GoldPricePrediction #GoldPrice2026 #GoldPriceAnalysis #WorldGold #GoldPrice #XAUUSD #XAUUSDAnalysis #GoldTrading #GoldInvestment #XAUUSDPrediction #GoldPriceToday #TechnicalAnalysis #TradingStrategy #BearishGold #BullishBearish #SupportResistance #ForexTrading #RiskManagement #FinancialMarket #Investment2026 #MercuryRetrograde #November2026 #GoldNews
Catatan Redaksi
- Prediksi Harga Emas 2–6 November 2026: Waspadai Tekanan Penurunan
- Merkurius Retrograde Menjadi Sorotan Pasar Emas November 2026
- Prediksi Harga Emas Harian 2–6 November 2026
- Seberapa Akurat Prediksi Berdasarkan Astrologi dan Numerologi?
- Strategi Trading Emas: Fokus pada Support, Resistance, dan Manajemen Risiko
- Harga Emas November 2026 Perlu Diwaspadai
Prediksi Harga Emas 2–6 November 2026: Waspadai Tekanan Penurunan
Pergerakan harga emas dunia atau XAUUSD pada pekan perdagangan 2–6 November 2026 diperkirakan menghadapi tekanan bearish dengan volatilitas yang cukup tinggi.
Para trader emas perlu meningkatkan kewaspadaan, terutama terhadap potensi pembalikan arah harga secara mendadak, pengujian level support dan resistance, serta tekanan jual yang diperkirakan semakin kuat menjelang akhir pekan.
Proyeksi pasar emas minggu ini memberikan gambaran bahwa pergerakan harga cenderung datar hingga melemah. Tidak terdapat sinyal bullish yang dominan sepanjang lima hari perdagangan. Sebaliknya, tekanan bearish diperkirakan mencapai puncaknya pada Jumat, 6 November 2026.
Analisis ini menggunakan pendekatan astrologi dan numerologi untuk memetakan momentum perdagangan harian. Meskipun demikian, pendekatan tersebut tidak dapat dijadikan indikator ilmiah atau dasar tunggal dalam mengambil keputusan investasi.
Bagi investor dan trader yang aktif memperdagangkan emas, memahami potensi volatilitas dan menerapkan manajemen risiko menjadi hal yang jauh lebih penting dibandingkan sekadar menebak arah harga.
Merkurius Retrograde Menjadi Sorotan Pasar Emas November 2026
Salah satu tema utama dalam proyeksi perdagangan emas periode 2–6 November 2026 adalah fenomena Merkurius retrograde.
Dalam pendekatan astrologi pasar, Merkurius dikaitkan dengan komunikasi, informasi, pergerakan, serta respons terhadap berita dan data ekonomi.
Fenomena ini ditafsirkan sebagai gambaran pasar yang mudah mengalami perubahan sentimen. Harga emas berpotensi bergerak bolak-balik, mengalami pembalikan arah secara cepat, bahkan menunjukkan pergerakan yang sulit diprediksi.
Kondisi tersebut mengingatkan trader agar tidak terlalu terpaku pada satu arah perdagangan, baik bullish maupun bearish.
Salah satu peristiwa yang menjadi perhatian adalah konjungsi inferior Merkurius dengan Matahari yang diperkirakan terjadi pada:
– Hari: Rabu, 4 November 2026.
– Waktu: 21.24 WIB.
– Waktu UTC: 14.24.
Dalam interpretasi astrologi yang digunakan pada proyeksi ini, konfigurasi tersebut dipandang sebagai katalis meningkatnya volatilitas pasar.
Trader perlu memperhatikan kemungkinan pengujian level support maupun resistance secara tiba-tiba. Pergerakan harga yang awalnya terlihat sebagai penembusan level tertentu juga berpotensi berbalik arah.
Oleh karena itu, konfirmasi pergerakan harga tetap diperlukan sebelum membuka posisi trading.
Prediksi Harga Emas Harian 2–6 November 2026
Secara keseluruhan, proyeksi momentum mingguan menunjukkan kecenderungan bearish dan sideways. Berikut gambaran pergerakan harga emas berdasarkan analisis harian.
Senin, 2 November 2026: Tekanan Bearish Mulai Terlihat
Hari Senin diproyeksikan menjadi awal pekan dengan kecenderungan bearish ringan.
Skor momentum harian berada pada angka -1,6, yang dalam pendekatan numerologi dikaitkan dengan vibrasi angka 5 atau perubahan.
Karakteristiknya adalah pergerakan yang tidak stabil dan berpotensi mengalami perubahan arah secara mendadak.
Harga emas diperkirakan menghadapi tekanan penurunan secara bertahap. Namun, peluang kenaikan kecil di tengah perdagangan tetap terbuka.
Trader perlu berhati-hati terhadap kenaikan harga yang belum didukung konfirmasi tren. Dalam skenario bearish, kenaikan sementara justru berpotensi menjadi peluang bagi tekanan jual berikutnya.
Strategi: Hindari membuka posisi secara terburu-buru. Tunggu konfirmasi arah pasar dan perhatikan respons harga ketika mendekati resistance.
Selasa, 3 November 2026: Harga Emas Berpotensi Bergerak Sideways
Memasuki Selasa, pasar emas diproyeksikan bergerak dalam rentang terbatas atau sideways.
Kondisi ini menggambarkan pasar yang belum memiliki kekuatan cukup untuk menentukan arah tren baru.
Harga kemungkinan bergerak di antara batas support dan resistance, sehingga trader perlu lebih selektif dalam menentukan titik masuk.
Strategi mengejar harga ketika sudah bergerak cukup jauh justru berisiko menghasilkan posisi yang kurang menguntungkan.
Strategi: Perhatikan batas atas dan bawah rentang perdagangan. Hindari membuka posisi di tengah rentang tanpa konfirmasi yang jelas.
Rabu, 4 November 2026: Waspadai Volatilitas dan Pengujian Support
Rabu menjadi salah satu hari penting dalam proyeksi harga emas minggu ini.
Selain dipengaruhi vibrasi angka 7 dalam pendekatan numerologi, hari ini juga bertepatan dengan konjungsi inferior Merkurius dan Matahari.
Kombinasi tersebut ditafsirkan sebagai periode pengujian pasar yang lebih agresif.
Harga emas berpotensi menguji level support maupun resistance dengan pergerakan yang cukup tajam sebelum menentukan arah berikutnya.
Trader perlu mewaspadai kemungkinan false breakout, yaitu kondisi ketika harga terlihat menembus support atau resistance, tetapi kemudian kembali berbalik arah.
Strategi: Perhatikan reaksi harga ketika menyentuh area support dan resistance. Jangan langsung mengikuti penembusan harga sebelum mendapatkan konfirmasi tambahan.
Kamis, 5 November 2026: Konsolidasi Masih Berlanjut
Pada Kamis, kecenderungan pergerakan emas diperkirakan masih sideways.
Karakteristiknya relatif mirip dengan Selasa, yaitu harga bergerak dalam rentang tertentu tanpa menunjukkan dominasi tren yang kuat.
Kondisi konsolidasi seperti ini sering membuat trader tergoda mengejar pergerakan harga yang sebenarnya belum memiliki arah jelas.
Padahal, dalam pasar yang bergerak mendatar, risiko terjebak pada sinyal palsu justru semakin besar.
Strategi: Fokus pada area support dan resistance. Utamakan transaksi yang memiliki rasio risiko dan potensi keuntungan yang terukur.
Jumat, 6 November 2026: Hari Paling Bearish dan Berisiko bagi Trader Emas
Jumat diproyeksikan menjadi hari paling lemah dalam perdagangan emas sepanjang pekan.
Skor momentum harian tercatat -3,8, sekaligus menjadi angka terendah dalam keseluruhan proyeksi mingguan.
Dalam pendekatan numerologi, kondisi ini dikaitkan dengan vibrasi angka 9 yang melambangkan penyelesaian siklus, pelepasan, dan tekanan penurunan.
Sentimen tersebut menggambarkan potensi dominasi aksi jual.
Setiap kenaikan harga yang terjadi pada hari Jumat diperkirakan berpotensi mendapatkan tekanan jual kembali. Dengan demikian, trader perlu berhati-hati dalam membuka posisi beli atau buy.
Namun, proyeksi bearish ini bukan berarti harga emas pasti mengalami penurunan. Perubahan sentimen global maupun rilis data ekonomi dapat menghasilkan pergerakan yang berbeda.
Strategi: Utamakan perlindungan modal. Hindari posisi buy tanpa konfirmasi pembalikan tren dan pertimbangkan untuk mengurangi eksposur ketika volatilitas meningkat.
Seberapa Akurat Prediksi Berdasarkan Astrologi dan Numerologi?
Salah satu bagian penting yang perlu diperhatikan adalah hasil pengujian historis atau backtest terhadap indikator planet yang digunakan.
Berdasarkan paparan tersebut, tingkat keselarasan indikator dengan data historis harga berada pada kisaran 41,2% hingga 45,6%.
Angka tersebut menunjukkan tingkat akurasi yang rendah dan secara statistik mendekati hasil tebakan acak.
Artinya, proyeksi astrologi dan numerologi tidak memiliki bukti akurasi yang cukup untuk dijadikan alat prediksi harga emas secara mandiri.
Informasi ini penting agar trader tidak memiliki ekspektasi berlebihan dan tetap mengutamakan analisis teknikal, fundamental, serta manajemen risiko.
Strategi Trading Emas: Fokus pada Support, Resistance, dan Manajemen Risiko
Menghadapi potensi volatilitas pasar emas pada awal November 2026, kedisiplinan dalam menjalankan strategi trading menjadi faktor utama.
Ada beberapa pendekatan yang dapat diperhatikan.
Pertama, jangan mengejar harga di tengah pergerakan sideways.
Ketika harga bergerak dalam rentang terbatas, trader sebaiknya tidak terburu-buru membuka posisi. Perhatikan area support dan resistance untuk mendapatkan titik masuk yang lebih terukur. Kedua, waspadai false breakout.
Penembusan support atau resistance tidak selalu menandakan terbentuknya tren baru. Tunggu konfirmasi melalui pergerakan harga sebelum mengambil keputusan.
Ketiga, sesuaikan ukuran posisi dengan volatilitas. Dalam proyeksi ini, rentang pergerakan harian normal emas diperkirakan berada di sekitar US$76–US$85 per ons.
Angka tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai gambaran volatilitas, bukan jaminan bahwa harga akan bergerak dalam rentang tersebut.
Trader perlu menyesuaikan ukuran posisi dan batas kerugian berdasarkan kondisi pasar serta kemampuan modal masing-masing.
Keempat, prioritaskan perlindungan modal pada Jumat. Mengingat Jumat diproyeksikan sebagai hari dengan tekanan bearish paling kuat, trader perlu menghindari eksposur berlebihan.
Jika tetap melakukan transaksi, gunakan batas risiko yang jelas dan jangan mempertahankan posisi hanya karena berharap harga akan kembali bergerak sesuai perkiraan.
Kelima, hindari risiko gap akhir pekan. Salah satu perhatian utama adalah mengurangi atau menutup posisi sebelum pasar memasuki akhir pekan.
Dalam paparan strategi ini, batas waktu yang disarankan adalah sebelum Jumat pukul 22.00 UTC atau Sabtu pukul 05.00 WIB.
Tujuannya adalah menghindari risiko gap harga ketika pasar kembali dibuka setelah akhir pekan.
Kesimpulan: Harga Emas November 2026 Perlu Diwaspadai
Prediksi harga emas periode 2–6 November 2026 menggambarkan pasar yang cenderung bearish dengan volatilitas tinggi, terutama menjelang akhir pekan.
Senin diperkirakan menjadi awal tekanan jual, Selasa hingga Kamis berpotensi didominasi konsolidasi, sedangkan Jumat diproyeksikan menjadi hari dengan tekanan bearish paling kuat.
Fenomena Merkurius retrograde dan konjungsi Merkurius dengan Matahari menjadi bagian dari pendekatan astrologi yang digunakan untuk memetakan momentum tersebut.
Namun, perlu diingat bahwa pergerakan harga emas dunia sesungguhnya lebih dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor fundamental, seperti kebijakan suku bunga Federal Reserve, kekuatan dolar AS, imbal hasil obligasi pemerintah AS, inflasi, permintaan emas bank sentral, serta perkembangan geopolitik global.
Oleh sebab itu, trader sebaiknya tidak menjadikan astrologi dan numerologi sebagai dasar utama dalam mengambil keputusan perdagangan.
Pada akhirnya, keberhasilan trading emas bukan hanya ditentukan oleh kemampuan memprediksi arah harga, tetapi juga kemampuan mengendalikan risiko dan melindungi modal.
Terkadang, keputusan terbaik dalam trading bukanlah membuka posisi baru, melainkan mengetahui kapan harus berhenti dan mengamankan keuntungan maupun modal yang tersisa.
Disclaimer Investasi
Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan proyeksi astrologi dan numerologi untuk periode 2–6 November 2026, yang bersifat spekulatif, informatif, dan hiburan semata. Astrologi dan numerologi bukan metode ilmiah yang terbukti mampu memprediksi pergerakan harga emas atau pasar keuangan.
Informasi ini bukan rekomendasi investasi, ajakan membeli atau menjual emas, maupun sinyal trading XAUUSD.
Perdagangan emas, khususnya melalui instrumen derivatif seperti CFD dan forex, memiliki risiko tinggi, termasuk kemungkinan kehilangan sebagian atau seluruh modal. Harga dapat bergerak berlawanan dengan proyeksi akibat perubahan kebijakan moneter, data ekonomi, kondisi geopolitik, dan faktor pasar lainnya.
Setiap keputusan investasi dan trading sepenuhnya menjadi tanggung jawab masing-masing individu. Lakukan riset mandiri, gunakan manajemen risiko, dan jangan menggunakan dana kebutuhan pokok untuk aktivitas spekulatif. ***tokOB3
Tag: Prediksi harga emas November 2026, Prediksi harga emas 2–6 November 2026, Analisis XAUUSD minggu ini, Trading emas November 2026, Analisis harga emas dunia, Strategi trading emas, Prediksi XAUUSD harian, Harga emas bearish, Support dan resistance emas, Analisis teknikal emas, Volatilitas harga emas, Manajemen risiko trading emas, Prediksi harga emas Jumat 6 November 2026
Hastag: #PrediksiHargaEmas #HargaEmas2026 #AnalisisHargaEmas #EmasDunia #GoldPrice #XAUUSD #AnalisisXAUUSD #TradingEmas #TradingGold #InvestasiEmas #PrediksiXAUUSD #HargaEmasHariIni #GoldTrading #AnalisisTeknikal #StrategiTrading #BearishGold #BullishBearish #SupportResistance #ForexTrading #ManajemenRisiko #PasarKeuangan #Investasi2026 #MerkuriusRetrograde #November2026 #BeritaEmas
